2. Conventional Environmental Statehood
- Why fragmentation (academic disciplines)? Specialisation?
- How to celebrate difference and promote justice/integration?
- Apolitical ecology - use in talk
- Situate problems in long trajectory of modernity
Today’s ‘unpopular goal’ of both decentering the legacy of Western modernity and also salvaging modernity’s universal intent (genuine development), rather than calling for a plurality of alternative modernities (after Susan Buck-Morss, 2009) Hegel, Haiti, and Universal History (2009)[11]
- development can be seen as a new colonialism
Unpacking capitalism
- Capitalism = a historical period
- Capital = a socio-ecological relation
- Capitalocene = age of capitalism
Key features: commodification, production for the market
capital must expand without end to exist; capital tends to degrade the socio-ecological conditions of its own production Kovel (2002) - The enemy of nature
Capitalism and nature (Moore, 2015)
- The state is the area of decision making
- Govt is executive branch of the state
- The rise of the nation, the rise of the state, the rise of colonialism and capitalism
- Gramsci - 4 definitions of state
- Miliband vs. Poulantzos debate
- Socionatural struggles around, within and through the state apparatus
- has state evolved to support capitalism? Why can’t we challenge private property
Environmental statehood
Ioris book
- precusory
- conventional 1945-2000
- flexible 2000->
The ideology of progress and development - TVA Penguin book
Developmentalism - as socio-economic increase efficiency. Industrialisation of agriculture. How can it be more efficient if it uses more resources?
Table from White et al 2016
- Neo-Malthusian pessimists
- Free market optimists
- Social ecologist - Convivial Conservation & Tir & Tending the Wild
Everywhere a national park?
If it’s all up for negotiation, what about private property?! seismic,semantic,symbolic,schematic
george Marsh Man and Nature 1864 Aldo leopold Land Ethic 1949 Silent spring 1962 Brundtland ‘Our Common Future’
Envrionmental Governance the next stage of
“People are not poor, they are impoverished” Portugese philosopher
Leaders are the problem, not leadership
Seminar
New Wales National Park - group work, split into different interest groups